Predictors of Clinical Efficacy of Cytokine Hemoadsorption in COVID-19 (Clinical Trial).

Aim of the study. To evaluate the value of predictors of hemoadsorption clinical efficacy in patients with COVID-19. Materials and methods. This study analyzed the results of treatment of 62 patients with severe COVID-19 in the intensive care unit using selective hemoadsorption of cytokines. All patients with severe COVID-19 were admitted to the intensive care unit within 14 days from the disease onset were subdivided into two groups. Group 1 patients (n=32) received on a top of standard treatment the hemoperfusion (HP) procedure for 4 hours, for 2-3 days in a row, using a cytokine sorption column composed of mesoporous styrene-divinilbenzen copolymer matrix. Group 2 patients were not subjected to extracorporeal blood purification. All patients received IL-6 inhibitors at a baseline in accordance to the temporary guidelines. We evaluated factors of unfavorable outcomes by analyzing changes in biochemical markers of systemic inflammatory response and mortality rates in patients of both groups. Results. Initiation of HP later than 10 days from NCI onset (P < 0.001), length of stay in the ICU, extent of lung damage (P = 0.036) and the SOFA (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment) score (P = 0.009) were the most powerful predictors of unfavorable outcome. Levels of systemic inflammatory response markers (in-terleukin-6, CRP, D-dimer) in both groups did not significantly affect the survival rates and length of hospital stay (P > 0.05). HP group demonstrated better survival (P < 0.05). Mean hospital stay was 31 and 27 days, ICU stay - 11 and 8 days for Groups 1 and 2, respectively (P < 0.05). Conclusion. Treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with HP using novel domestic hemosorbent composed of styrene-divinilbenzen copolymer matrix resulted in decrease in CRP levels on the first day after application and, with early onset, contributed to a significant increase in survival and decreased hospital and ICU stay. Additional studies are warranted to clarify the optimal timing of the initiation of HP in severe COVID-19 patients.Copyright © 2023, V.A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology. All rights reserved.

Predictors of Clinical Efficacy of Cytokine Hemoadsorption in COVID-19 (Clinical Trial).

Aim of the study. To evaluate the value of predictors of hemoadsorption clinical efficacy in patients with COVID-19. Materials and methods. This study analyzed the results of treatment of 62 patients with severe COVID-19 in the intensive care unit using selective hemoadsorption of cytokines. All patients with severe COVID-19 were admitted to the intensive care unit within 14 days from the disease onset were subdivided into two groups. Group 1 patients (n=32) received on a top of standard treatment the hemoperfusion (HP) procedure for 4 hours, for 2-3 days in a row, using a cytokine sorption column composed of mesoporous styrene-divinilbenzen copolymer matrix. Group 2 patients were not subjected to extracorporeal blood purification. All patients received IL-6 inhibitors at a baseline in accordance to the temporary guidelines. We evaluated factors of unfavorable outcomes by analyzing changes in biochemical markers of systemic inflammatory response and mortality rates in patients of both groups. Results. Initiation of HP later than 10 days from NCI onset (P < 0.001), length of stay in the ICU, extent of lung damage (P = 0.036) and the SOFA (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment) score (P = 0.009) were the most powerful predictors of unfavorable outcome. Levels of systemic inflammatory response markers (in-terleukin-6, CRP, D-dimer) in both groups did not significantly affect the survival rates and length of hospital stay (P > 0.05). HP group demonstrated better survival (P < 0.05). Mean hospital stay was 31 and 27 days, ICU stay - 11 and 8 days for Groups 1 and 2, respectively (P < 0.05). Conclusion. Treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with HP using novel domestic hemosorbent composed of styrene-divinilbenzen copolymer matrix resulted in decrease in CRP levels on the first day after application and, with early onset, contributed to a significant increase in survival and decreased hospital and ICU stay. Additional studies are warranted to clarify the optimal timing of the initiation of HP in severe COVID-19 patients.Copyright © 2023, V.A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology. All rights reserved.

Endothelial injury in severe COVID-19 as a reason for infusion therapy choice

Objective. To evaluate the effect of succinate-containing crystalloid solution (sodium meglumin succinate) on the severity of endothelial dysfunction in patients with severe COVID-19. Material and methods. The study included 53 patients with severe form of COVID-19 complicated by bilateral polysegmental pneumonia. All patients are initially, by the method of envelopes, randomized into two groups. In the study group (27 patients), the intensive care complex includes daily infusion of Reamberin (1.5% solution of meglumin sodium succinate), in a daily dose of 10 ml/kg for 4 hours for up to 11 days (or time spent in the intensive care unit). Patients of the control group (26 patients) received Ringer's solution in the same volume. Endotheliocytosis, homocysteine concentration, platelet levels and coagulation tests were studied in dynamics. Results and discussion. Assessment of the severity of endothelial dysfunction showed that the study group determined a more significant (p<0.05) decrease in initially elevated levels of endothelial cytosis and homocysteine concentration at all stages of the study. Significant intergroup differences have manifested since the second day of observation. Infusion correction of the severity of endothelial dysfunction led to a decrease in the frequency of thrombotic complications, the probability of conversion to an invasive ventilator and mortality compared to the traditional approach. Conclusion. The use of a succinate-containing crystalloid solution (sodium meglumin succinate) in the complex therapy of severe forms of NCI is justified by a more significant and persistent correction of the initially pronounced endothelial dysfunction, leading to a decrease in the number of thrombotic complications, transfers to invasive ventilator and mortality. © 2022, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved.

Ischemic stroke in a pediatric patient: complication of the course of CoVid-19 (clinical case and literature review)

Recently, there is a growing number of publications about the complicated course of the COVID-19 in children. The literature describes only a few cases of acute cerebrovascular diseases. In the case described in this paper, an 11-year-old boy presented with COVID-19 complicated by an ischemic stroke. Moderate ischemic stroke (pedNIHSS 14 points) occurred on the 7th day after infection with the SARS-CoV-2 and the background of the multisystem inflammatory syndrome. It has started with the left hemiplegia, hemianesthesia, central-type facial moderate palsy, and pseudobulbar palsy. Focal brain ischemia in the right hemisphere brain and occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery was confirmed by neuroimaging data. The treatment observed regression of neurological symptoms: there were minimal movements in his left arm and leg, facial muscles, also improved gulping and speech. After 1.5 months, the stroke was provided clinical examination: no markers predisposing to hypercoagulability or a prothrombotic state, as well as markers of systemic diseases. According to neuroimaging data, was occurred recanalization of occluded middle cerebral artery, was post-ischemic changes. This case shows the possibility of stroke against the background of COVID-19 in children without somatic problems and makes the doctor more vigilant during the treatment of COVID-19. Copyright © 2022 ABV-Press Publishing House. All rights reserved.